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Acids and Bases as Electrolytes (Chapter 4)


An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions, H3O+, when dissolved in water, and a base produces hydroxide ions, OH-, when dissolved in water. The oxides of nonmetals are generally acidic anhydrides and react with water to give acids. Metal oxides are usually basic anhydrides because they tend to react with water to give metal hydroxides or bases.
Strong acids and bases are also strong electrolytes. Weak acids and bases are weak electrolytes, which are incompletely ionized in water. In a solution of a weak electrolyte there is a chemical equilibrium (dynamic equilibrium) between the nonionized molecules of the solute and the ions formed by the reaction of the solute with water.
example of reaction


Source = Brady, James E. 2009. Chemistry Fifth Edition. Asia : John Willey & Sons

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